Spouse and Partner Visa
Family visa for spouses, civil partners, and unmarried partners of British citizens or UK settled persons with pathway to settlement.
- Screening A few questions about your work, your family and your plans.
- Documents A checklist built around your route and who is coming with you.
- Expert review A qualified adviser reads every document before anything is filed.
- Application Every answer is checked against the published rules for your route.
- Submission Filed, with everything that went with it kept in one place.
- Arrival We stay with you through the crossing and the first steps after.
Minimum income requirement
£29,000 a year
GOV.UK, partner route from 11 April 2024
Decision outside the UK
12 weeks
GOV.UK, standard service; usually
Home Office fee
£2,064
GOV.UK; applying outside the UK
What is the UK partner (spouse) family visa?
The partner route lets a spouse, civil partner or partner join, or stay with, someone who is a British citizen, settled in the UK, or holds another qualifying status. Applicants generally need to show a genuine relationship, meet a minimum income requirement (or provide specified savings instead), have a good knowledge of English, and show adequate accommodation.
Who the partner route is for
The partner route is for a spouse, civil partner or unmarried partner who wants to join, or stay with, a partner who is a British citizen, settled in the UK, or holds certain other qualifying immigration statuses. Both partners must be adults, and the couple must intend to live together permanently in the UK. Someone engaged to marry, or planning to enter a civil partnership, can also apply on this route ahead of the wedding or ceremony.
What the couple must show
Applicants need to show a qualifying relationship, either a marriage or civil partnership recognised in the UK or an unmarried partnership that has lasted long enough. It must be supported by evidence that the couple live together, or maintain a genuine, ongoing relationship if they are apart for work, study or cultural reasons. The couple also need to meet a minimum income requirement, or show specified savings instead, unless the sponsoring partner receives certain disability or carer’s benefits, in which case a different, adequacy-based test applies. Suitable accommodation for the family, without relying on public funds, is also required, along with a general knowledge of English demonstrated through an approved test or a qualifying academic degree, unless an exemption applies.
Requirements
- AgeThe applicant and their partner must each be 18 or over on the date of application.
- Genuine relationshipThe applicant and their partner must have met in person, be in a genuine and subsisting relationship, and intend to live together permanently in the UK. This can be as a spouse or civil partner, as an unmarried partner who has lived together with the applicant in a relationship similar to a marriage or civil partnership for at least 2 years, or as a fiancé(e) or proposed civil partner intending to marry or form a civil partnership in the UK. Where the couple cannot live together, for example because they work or study in different places, evidence of an ongoing commitment to each other is needed instead.
- Minimum income requirementWhere the financial requirement applies, the published rules set a specified gross annual income of at least £29,000 for an application made on or after 11 April 2024. A different, transitional figure applies only where the applicant is extending permission to stay with the same partner and their first successful application as a fiancé(e), proposed civil partner or partner was made before 11 April 2024: a specified gross annual income of at least £18,600, plus £3,800 for a first child and £2,400 for each additional child, capped at £29,000 in total. Specified savings can be used instead of, or together with, qualifying income. Where the sponsoring partner receives certain disability or carer’s benefits, an adequate maintenance requirement applies instead. That means showing enough money to house and support the family without relying on public funds.
- Adequate accommodationThe applicant must show there will be adequate accommodation for the family, without recourse to public funds, which the family own or occupy exclusively. Accommodation is not regarded as adequate if it is, or will be, overcrowded, or if it contravenes public health regulations.
- English languageThe applicant must show knowledge of English, usually by passing an approved English language test in speaking and listening at a minimum of level A1 on a first application, or by holding a qualifying academic degree, unless an exemption applies, for example because of age, a disability, or nationality of a majority English-speaking country. Some applicants extending their stay as a partner need to show a higher level after a further period in the UK.
- Tuberculosis testApplicants from a country where the test is required must provide tuberculosis test results with their application.
Documents typically needed
- Current passport or travel documentPlus copies of the photo page and any visa or entry stamps in previous passports.
- Proof of relationship with your partnerFor example a marriage or civil partnership certificate, or evidence of living together for at least 2 years such as tenancy agreements, utility or Council Tax bills, joint bank statements, or a letter from a doctor or dentist, dated less than 4 years before you apply.
- Proof of incomeFor example payslips, bank statements, or a dated employer’s letter on headed paper confirming employment, income and length of service.
- Your partner’s detailsName, date of birth, nationality, passport and evidence of their right to be in the UK, plus details of any previous marriages, civil partnerships or children.
- Tuberculosis test resultsIf applying from a country where the test is required.
- Certified translationsFor any document that is not in English or Welsh.
- Details of any children on the applicationName, nationality, date of birth, and who the child normally lives with.
How to apply
Check the published requirements
Confirm which relationship category applies to you and your partner, and the current financial, accommodation and English language requirements for the partner route.
Prepare information and evidence
Gather passports, relationship evidence, proof of income, and a tuberculosis test result if required, along with certified translations of any document not in English or Welsh.
Apply online
Separate online services handle applications made from outside the UK and applications made from inside the UK. A fee waiver may be available if you’re unable to pay the fee.
Prove identity and give biometrics
Confirm your identity and provide your fingerprints and a photograph at an appointment, using the method you’re told about when you apply.
Wait for a decision
Decision times differ depending on where the application is made and whether the financial and English language requirements are met; keep your documents available in case they’re requested.
Fees & costs
- Apply outside the UK (joining a partner, parent or child)
- £2,064
- Apply inside the UK
- £1,407
- Each dependant added to the application
- £2,064 outside the UK / £1,407 inside the UK
- Super priority service (from inside the UK only)
- £1,000
- Healthcare surcharge, adult aged 18 or over (2 years 6 months)
- £2,587.50
- Healthcare surcharge, adult aged 18 or over (2 years 9 months)
- £3,105
- Healthcare surcharge, adult aged 18 or over (5 years)
- £5,175
Fees are set by the Home Office and can change. A fee waiver may be available in some circumstances. Source: GOV.UK https://www.gov.uk/uk-family-visa
Processing times
- Apply outside the UK
- Usually within 12 weeks
- Apply inside the UK, where the financial and English language requirements are met
- Usually within 8 weeks
- Apply inside the UK, where the financial and English language requirements are not met
- About 12 months
Standard service times published by the Home Office; a faster decision may be available for an extra fee.
What you can and can't do
Permitted
- Work in the UK
- Study in the UK
- Live with your partner in the UK
- Add eligible children as dependants on the same application
Not permitted
- Work or study in the UK during the fiancé(e) or proposed civil partner engagement period, before marrying or forming a civil partnership
- Usually get benefits or other public funds for you or your dependants
- Apply to settle in the UK before you become eligible
The path to settlement
The partner route generally leads to settlement, known as indefinite leave to remain, after a continuous period living together in the UK on this basis, commonly called the 5-year route. Permission is usually granted for a fixed period and then extended, with the couple needing to continue meeting the relevant requirements each time they apply. Applicants who rely on alternative grounds rather than meeting the standard financial or relationship requirements in full instead follow a longer route to settlement, sometimes called the 10-year route.
Extending, and other ways to stay
A partner visa can usually be extended before the current permission expires, provided the relationship continues and the couple still meet the published requirements. Some applicants who cannot meet the standard financial or relationship requirements may still be able to apply, for example because of the effect on a qualifying child in the UK, or because refusing the application would breach human rights. This generally means the longer route to settlement instead. Protections also exist for a partner who experienced domestic abuse, or whose partner died, while they held permission on this route.
If the application is refused
A refusal decision explains the reasons under the published rules. Some applicants who do not meet the standard financial, accommodation or relationship requirements may still be able to apply on alternative grounds, for example where a qualifying child in the UK would be affected, or where refusing entry or stay would breach human rights. This can mean a longer qualifying period before settlement. The type of review or appeal available depends on the type of application, and the decision letter sets out the options and time limits that apply.
Common questions
How much income do I need to meet the minimum income requirement?
Can I use savings instead of income?
How long until I can settle permanently in the UK on the partner route?
Can I work or study on a partner visa?
What happens if I can’t meet the financial or relationship requirements?
Do I need to take an English language test?
What if my partner receives disability or carer’s benefits?
Talk it through with one of our solicitors.
Book a consultation and one of our immigration solicitors will go through your situation, the documents involved, and what happens next.
Child Visa
For a child under 18 to live in the UK with a parent. A child can be added to a parent's application as a dependant, or apply separately.
Read the guide →Indefinite Leave to Remain (ILR)
Settle permanently in the UK. Indefinite leave to remain has no time limit, so you can live, work and study here for as long as you like.
Read the guide →Marriage Visitor Visa
Come to the UK to marry, form a civil partnership or give notice of one. You can stay up to 6 months, and it is not a route to settlement.
Read the guide →